They insisted that revisiting the history of Zionism is necessary in order to understand the historical, geographic and contextual specificity of the Palestinian struggle and to protect prospects for liberation from being limited by the politics of analogy. They worried that the apartheid framework negated attributes of colonial settlement and dispossession that characterize the Palestinian experience. The particularities are different, but the effect in both post-apartheid South Africa and Palestine is similar: elites embrace economic policies that vastly expand their private wealth while proving disastrous for the populations they are meant to represent and support. The Palestine Solidarity Alliance (PSA) is a South African based Solidarity Movement that supports the struggle for a free, non-racial and democratic Palestinian State for all who live in it. They insisted that it was necessary to revisit the Palestinian radical intellectual and political tradition to understand how Palestinians have articulated race in relation to the struggle and to consider how the new generation could borrow from those articulations to offer a more adequate race analysis today. There are many similarities between the Zionist project in Palestine and the former regime of racial discrimination in South Africa. Political scientist Sheena Anne Arackal argues that, “The ‘Deal of the Century’ resurrects and restores grand apartheid, a racist political system that should have been left in the dustbins of history.”[2]. The delegation’s visit included lectures, seminar discussions, workshops, field trips to sites of historic and contemporary struggle and meetings with political figures, community and student movement leaders—all of which yielded many important lessons for the Palestinian youth organizers. The decision to bring young Palestinians to South Africa came out of a PYM February 2016 workshop in Malmo, Sweden where some Palestinian youth expressed their reluctance to use a racial lexicon and the apartheid analogy to define the Palestinian struggle. Since the adoption of the 1967 Terrorism Act, they had been legally criminalized as terrorists. One, Palestinians often misconstrue and romanticise the path of the South African anti-apartheid struggle. In meeting with ANC political representatives, Palestinian youth learned of the government’s commitments to realizing Palestinian freedom. They are not concerned with questions of whether or not apartheid currently exists in Palestine. [2] Nevertheless, some prominent South African figures, such as Desmond Tutu and Ronnie Kasrils[3][4] have criticized Israel's treatment of the Palestinians, drawing parallels between apartheid South Africa and modern-day Israel. They were also disappointed to learn that the Truth and Reconciliation Process, established to produce restorative justice for the victims of apartheid, was premised on truth in the absence of justice when perpetrators were given amnesty. Apartheid continued in a new form. The agreements that brought about the formal end of apartheid in South Africa enshrined an array of democratic freedoms and human rights protections first outlined in the Freedom Charter. Two, there is a widely-shared belief, among … Many of the achievements—including hundreds of successful Boycott Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) campaigns—were made possible by international legal precedents that use law as a tool for advocacy, and by learning from the role played by global boycotts in ending apartheid in South Africa. They explained that the South African government hires state-sponsored contractors to leave construction projects only partially finished while politicians pocket funds. The most profound lesson drawn from the South African context for the delegates is that the Palestinians must also grapple with racial capitalism and that if solutions do not allow for a complete redistribution of land, wealth and power there will be no true Palestinian liberation. The contributions of South African women were also written out of the dominant narratives of the anti-apartheid struggle. As a result, tensions are high in the township since space for housing is scarce. This experience taught them a lesson about the ways advanced forms of neoliberal racial capitalism pits surplus labor populations against one another. By contrast, other Palestinian youth organizers saw the utility of the apartheid framework as a legal means for Palestinians to make their struggle legible to the international community and pragmatically end formal racial segregation in Palestine. [2] Sheena Anne Arackal, “The ‘Deal of the Century’ is Apartheid,” Mondoweiss, January 28, 2020. While there may be increased references to apartheid in South Africa as a result of the US plan, the analogy has credibly been used for over a decade now. As the youth delegation concluded their visit, they resolved that a robust embrace of the principles of the Palestinian struggle and a rebuilding of grassroots struggle of all Palestinian communities transnationally must be accomplished alongside rebuilding buried and interconnected, if distinct, joint-struggle alliances and relationships. – Iqbal Jassat is an Executive Member of the South Africa-based Media Review Network. But this critical analysis was also accompanied by a renewed commitment to revitalize ethical, two-way forms of solidarity with everyday South Africans and other peoples struggling against oppression globally. As a result, the PYM developed a fact-finding delegation to South Africa. The delegates then witnessed racial capitalism’s effects in the Alexandra (“Alex”) township of Johannesburg. Boycott Israel' at … Further, she encouraged an understanding of liberation through communal wellness, restorative justice and social healing as well as through systemic and institutional change on all levels. A five-minute drive from Sandton, one of the wealthiest communities on the African continent, Alex is an overcrowded slum with thousands of Black South Africans living in abject poverty. South Africa stands with Palestine – Cartoon [Sabaaneh/MiddleEastMonitor] Mediation as a non-violent and non-binding means of conflict resolution has been a … While many of the PYM members had long expressed a political uneasiness with relying on the apartheid framework to define the Palestinian struggle, the credence that the framework was gaining as a result of growing BDS campaigns and legal advocacy, demanded a deeper theorization that the PYM was not yet prepared to provide. For example, the Tal3at Movement is using grassroots approaches to make ending violence against women and national liberation inseparable. "[13], Diplomatic relations between Palestine and the Republic of South Africa, Department of International Relations and Cooperation, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/1957644.stm, "South African union joins boycott of Israel", News - Front Page: SA urges Israel to stop Gaza strikes, News - South Africa: Gaza crisis 'unacceptable' - SA, "UN General Assembly 32nd and 33rd Meetings", South Africa condemns the Israeli Attacks on Aid Ships to Gaza, "Middle East needs peaceful talks: Dirco", Department of International Relations and Cooperation, official website, Foreign relations of the State of Palestine, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palestine–South_Africa_relations&oldid=999473260, State of Palestine–South Africa relations, Bilateral relations of the State of Palestine, Articles needing additional references from March 2011, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 10:38. They saw how such racial and ethnic pluralism did not exist in the Palestinian context at the same level. They explored the way various frameworks can highlight different Palestinian experiences and characteristics of the Zionist project. The agreement ultimately normalized British and Afrikaner settlements and wealth and exacerbated chronically poor material conditions for Blacks. On a field trip to Constitution Hill the delegates visited the women’s jail and learned about the torture, dehumanization and sexual assault South African women experienced at the hands of the apartheid regime. They examined the historical roles of both Ottoman rule and the British Mandate in creating the right conditions for Zionist conquest. The Uniting Reformed Church in Southern Africa (URCSA) issued the following statement: “Synod acknowledges the significant similarities between (the South African) context and … Africa Natural allies: South Africa and Palestine South Africans and Palestinians share a history of fighting racism, repression and colonialism Delegates received a political orientation session led by members of the Afro-Middle East Centre who explained the structure of the apartheid system and contextualized the creation and function of different legal race categories in South Africa including White, Indian, Colored and Black. [1] Ishaan Tharoor, “Trump’s ‘Deal of the Century’ is no Deal at all,” Washington Post, January 28, 2020. For these youth, discourses on race were inherently linked to struggles of segregation. Throughout the program, delegates heard community leaders discuss the social ills within South African society, including unparalleled rates of death by preventable disease and some of the highest rates in the world of HIV infection, gun violence and rape. In April 2019, a group of 19 Palestinian youth took part in a fact-finding delegation to Johannesburg, South Africa organized by the US-based Palestinian Youth Movement (PYM) in partnership with the Johannesburg think tank Afro-Middle East Centre (AMEC). Thousands come to Alex each year seeking employment in Johannesburg. The delegation organizers recognized this pluralism as central to the goals of the program, which sought to mend the hardened fragmentation affecting Palestinian social and political life and “assess the current condition of the Palestinian national struggle through a comparative lens with South Africa’s anti-Apartheid and anti-colonial/decolonial struggle.”. But we are to the mid climax. Global solidarity efforts for justice in Palestine have grown exponentially over the last 20 years. What is the current landscape of Palestine solidarity movement building in South Africa? South Africa is the place that most people turn to as the mea culpa around Palestine. Racial capitalism refers to the racialized forms of labor dispossession, exploitation and disposability that fuel capital accumulation and inequality. One important particularity of South Africa is that before the start of apartheid in 1948, the country had already endured 300 years of colonialism. [5] The Congress of South African Trade Unions, which represents 1.2 million South African workers, has also accused Israel of practicing apartheid and supported the boycott of the Canadian Union of Public Employees, as well as the boycott of all Israeli products. 16 March 2016. South Africa’s top judge in breach of judicial code, ordered to apologise within 10 days Hands off Chikane, Hands off South Africa – a warning to the Israeli lobby Farewell Comrade Jackson Mthembu – From the Palestine solidarity movement Despite their appreciation of the government’s bold positions, the delegates maintained their commitments to the struggle of everyday South Africans struggling against government corruption, violence, economic precarity and an incomplete process of decolonization. Organizers developed several areas of inquiry: to investigate the utility and limitations of the apartheid analogy between South Africa and Palestine; to question why frameworks like (settler) colonialism are less often used to define the South African struggle; and to compare the Palestinian and South African struggles in the lead up to the early 1990s negotiations processes and understand how they concluded with such disparate outcomes. The youth drew linkages between the insurmountable poverty found in Alex and that found in Palestinian refugee camps, particularly in Lebanon. People hold banners saying 'Stop the genocide in Gaza. Many of the consequences in South Africa are parallel to the political betrayals by the Palestinian leadership through the signing of the 1993 Oslo Accords—heroes of the liberation movement became agents of a politically inept and repressive government regime. In a meeting with a female former fighter in MK (the armed wing of the ANC), delegates learned that South African women who had been raped by their comrades in the training camps had never been properly granted processes for accountability within the movement. Moving Beyond the Apartheid Analogy in Palestine and South Africa Long essay taking apart the South Africa analogy with Israel Palestine. [12] Though leaders of the two struggles came to negotiations at similar junctures—in part because of reconfigurations of global power as a result of the fall of the Soviet Union—and though both Nelson Mandela and Yasser Arafat had strikingly analogous trajectories before the early 1990s and an intimate friendship across decades, the conditions that shaped the negotiations were very different. Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Email. 2021 kicked off astoundingly well for South Africa’s broad-based Palestinian solidarity movements. And there were many close ties between the two, including Israeli efforts to supply South Africa with nuclear weapons in the 1970s. Delegates also met with the youth of an underground land movement that takes over half-built housing complexes. One of these lessons is that Palestinians must more seriously account for racial capitalism and social liberation as part of their struggle. While elimination was the governing logic of settlers during the first 200 years of colonialism in South Africa, following the discovery of gold and diamonds in the 1800s, whites developed a reliance on Black labor. They preferred the framework of colonialism, which they argued would guide a more complete strategy toward decolonization. A second lesson follows that if Palestinians are to achieve true liberation, political movements must implement models of accountability and justice at every level of struggle. During the 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict, The Department's spokesman, Clayson Monyela, stated that the country "strongly urge all sides to refrain from responding to violence with violence and to exercise restraint, including a halt to the arbitrary arrest of Palestinian civilians and the use of collective punishment on Palestinians. Previous posts in the series: South Africa part 1: The initial board position inside South Africa was about how our players got to South Africa. By the early 1990s, Mandela had achieved the return of all exiled leaders and the release of all political prisoners. Delegates learned about two forms of historical, gendered violence: racialized and gendered state violence perpetrated by the apartheid regime, and gendered violence within the movement which went unaddressed and was effectively silenced in the name of prioritizing political liberation before social liberation. A conference on Palestine in South Africa was a means of reaffirming the historic importance of South African struggle and learning about the continuation of … South Africa-Palestine relations refer to the interstate relations between the Republic of South Africa and the State of Palestine. As a Jewish South African anti-apartheid activist I look with horror on the far-right shift in Israel ahead of this month’s elections, and the impact in the Palestinian territories and worldwide This history included the settlement of Dutch and British colonists in a “colonialism of a special type,” as described by both the African National Congress (ANC) and the South African Communist Party (SACP). This is the 3rd post in a series on South Africa and Apartheid and so far in the first two neither Apartheid nor South Africa even exists. This “special type” had the characteristics of franchise colonialism, premised on the exploitation of Black labor and the seizure of land and extraction of resources, alongside characteristics of settler colonialism that allowed settlers to naturalize their presence as a dominant racial and economic class rather than being viewed as foreigners or colonists. Delegates concluded that true change cannot be achieved through a negotiated settlement with a colonial force and that it will only be achieved through a comprehensive process of decolonization, one that will also hold colonial violence to account. "[7] "The South African government unequivocally and in the strongest possible terms condemns the escalation of violence on the part of Israel brought about by the launching Saturday night of a ground invasion into Gaza," read a statement issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs after the start of Israel's ground offensive. At the time, BDS South Africa was recognised by the Palestinian leadership, the Israeli government and within South Africa as one of the most active and significant organisations working on Palestine solidarity in the world. By contrast, Zionists had, from the onset of settlement, intentionally alienated Palestinians from the labor force and replaced them with Jewish settlers. Delegates also explored the racial distinctions between South Africa and Palestine—in particular how the South African struggle was composed of multiple indigenous nations with different cultural, linguistic and ethnic subjectivities as well as many other national, ethnic and racial groups. © Middle East Research and Information Project, Teaching Palestine Conference and Study Tour. So long as perpetrators told the truth of what they had done, they were not held to account through any material means, which is how whites have maintained their cultural and material power following the end of apartheid. Coloured Identity. Witnessing the racial, gendered, economic, social and political violence and oppression in South Africa, the delegates insisted that Palestinians must do what they can to lend their lessons and solidarity to South Africans who continue to struggle against de facto colonialism and apartheid. However, the delegates pointed out one major distinction. [6], During the 2008 to 2009 Gaza War, South Africa's Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Fatima Hajaig called on Israel to stop military attacks in Gaza and withdraw its forces from the border immediately, saying, "The South African government finds the continued siege on Gaza unacceptable as it does not allow humanitarian relief supply such as medicine, food and water to reach the desperate people of Gaza. In sum, youth delegates recognized the importance of not allowing parallels with other struggles to obscure important differences. South Africa: Palestine, South Africa and Frantz Fanon. The Palestinian Youth Movement delegation meeting with the Young Communist League of South Africa. The orientation sessions prompted delegates to revisit Palestinian history prior to the 1948 Nakba. Rather, they are examining whether or not apartheid adequately explains the Palestinian condition in its totality and if the analogy is helpful in mapping out the terms and strategies of their own liberation. The African National Congress had close relations with Palestine Liberation Organization. First, to break cycles of gendered violence in the struggle for political liberation, institutions must mandate trauma-informed approaches to social healing as integral to, not at the periphery of, the liberation movement. Still, the various industries of containment, policing, surveillance, imprisonment and crowd control that Israel developed in new iterations of its occupation of Palestine produced a racial-capitalist economy whereby Israel has created a profitable industry off Palestinian labor, as the subjects of siege and captivity. After the May 31, 2010, Gaza flotilla raid, the South African Department of International Relations and Cooperation issued a statement "strongly condemning all military aggression by Israel against innocent civilians, including those in the occupied West Bank and Gaza. Project Hoopoe. Whereas Palestinian refugees in Lebanon have long been barred from working in legal labor markets and are stuck, to an extent, in the camps as they await their return to Palestine, Alex is a major destination for South African migrants from rural areas and Africans from across the continent. By Nima Shirazi September 5, 2014. [10] Scholar and organizer Salim Vally said to the delegates, “We did not have a revolution, we had a negotiated settlement.” The revolutionary ANC was transformed from the largest group to spearhead the country’s anti-apartheid movement into a political governing force in a system riddled with corruption. They argued that racial inequity was innately a part of the Palestinian struggle and referred to racially designated roads, license plates and other physical markers of segregation in the West Bank. South Africa stands with Palestine – Cartoon [Sabaaneh/MiddleEastMonitor] However, in the rush to delineate the similarities between the two experiences – which itself stems from the burning, and justifiable desire for Palestinians to achieve their own “ South Africa moment ” – some urgent points in the discussions are being omitted. Prior to arrival in South Africa, Andy Clarno, drawing upon his own comparative research on Palestine and South Africa, urged delegates to consider the role of racial capitalism in South Africa and how Black economic subjugation persists even after the end of legal apartheid. Middle East Research and Information Project: Critical Coverage of the Middle East Since 1971, In violation of international law and countless United Nations resolutions, the plan sustains—and in fact exacerbates—the Israeli military occupation and leaves Palestinians with particles of land that constitute no more than an archipelago of ethnic enclaves strikingly similar to the Bantustans that South Africa used to segregate and exclude Africans during apartheid. After the first non-racial elections in 1994, South Africa established diplomatic relations with the State of Palestine on February 15, 1995. Salim Vally: "[9] The country made a similar call in the UN Security Council. Understanding the parallels between the Palestinian and South African liberation struggles has been galvanizing and productive for activists, but many Palestinians are questioning both the utility of the apartheid analogy and its limitations. The South African government is strongly pro-Palestinian and has been a harsh critic of Israel, particularly with regard to its treatment of the Palestinians. Apartheid in South Africa. Furthermore, the apartheid regime had become ungovernable due to factors such as global boycott movements, pressure from the international community, an insurgent armed resistance, popular protest on all levels, a public sector shaken by white worker flight to private industries and Black organized labor revolt. This lesson was emphasized during the visit by Noor Nieftagodien and Salim Vally who cited the theories of racial capitalism by South African scholar Neville Alexander. The Palestinian Youth Movement delegation at a women’s hostel in the Alexandra township of Johannesburg. Box 567 and can be contacted by telephone on 2 298 7355 and 2 298 7927 as well as by email [email protected].The consular section shares location as well as telephone number and email address with the representative office. This dynamic gave industrial, commercial and trade unions an upper hand in mobilizing masses of people in the service of political struggle. Contact details for the South African representative office in Ramallah; The representative office of South Africa in Ramallah is located at Al Masyoun, P. O. The delegation visited two weeks after the historic Teaching Palestine Conference and Study Tour in Johannesburg and just as the South African government was downgrading its embassy in Tel Aviv to a liaison office in solidarity with the Palestinians. The delegates learned that there were even more extreme forms of poverty than they had previously encountered. [8] South Africa said that, "the violent situation in Gaza and southern Israel made it imperative for the [UN General] Assembly to collectively and publicly voice its condemnation of the attacks and demand that both sides immediately cease their military attacks. Meeting with the Young Communist League (YCLSA) in Soweto, youth exchanged poetry, a commitment to building transnational solidarities from the grassroots and their aspirations for the future. The youth confided that they have no faith in a political establishment that caters to the greed of elites through government corruption and sustains economic violence against the poor, a sentiment that resonated with the Palestinian youth who share similar feelings about the Palestinian Authority. Adam and Moodley wrote that Israeli Palestinians are "restricted to second-class citizen status when another ethnic group monopolizes state power" because of legal prohibitions on access to land, as well as the unequal allocation of civil service positions and per capita expenditure on educations between "dominant and minority citizens." The delegates also argued that popular political discourses on Palestine suffer from an anemic racial lexicon, often mistaking religious and ethnic identities for socially manufactured racial constructions of power and oppression. Members of the Johannesburg delegation included Palestinians between the ages of 20 and 33 who reside in Palestine, Lebanon, Qatar, Germany, Turkey, Greece, the United Kingdom, the United States and South Africa. Two legal precedents in particular have made the South African struggle an important reference point for Palestinian efforts: the 2002 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which defined and criminalized apartheid as a system of racial domination, and the 2004 International Court of Justice ruling that deemed Israel’s separation wall a violation of international law. South African political figures also frequently draw critical parallels between the Palestinian struggle and their own struggle against apartheid. It is important to build popular grassroots movements that account for women’s liberation as part of national liberation, but which also reject colonial, Orientalist and imperial feminist discourses that have become especially prevalent in the funding criteria for non-governmental organizations in Palestine since the beginning of the so-called war on terror. In June 1987, Rasool spent 13 months in prison for opposing the apartheid regime, half of which was in solitary confinement. This long colonial history became a vital departure point for examining both the history of South Africa before 1948, and the ways in which legal definitions of apartheid might obscure characteristics of both settler colonialism and franchise colonialism. Palestine has mobilized increased global solidarity across the world in the last decade, which led to the final lesson learned by the youth delegates: how important it is to revive two-way solidarities with other global struggles. 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