As tension rises, they yell louder and move closer to each other; their argument reaches a sort of climax, which leads them to sexual arousal. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements vii 1. Learn the concept of representation and its application in cultural and media studies. Nevertheless, certain elements in the film can be seen as progressive since the film shows the Italian-American female lead, Lisa, challenge her assigned gender roles, while her fiancé Vinny, the male lead, uses an integrationist strategy within transcoding to successfully create a positive image in the way he is seen by the other characters. In his work, Hall explains transcoding as the process of “taking an existing This media text can be seen as a representation of the cultural studies perspective, because certain hegemonic ideologies in the film are contested, negotiated, and resisted within the film, thus it can be read in many different ways by audiences. According to Stuart Hall, characteristics, that are perceived as “African” are reflected from the European perspective in order to enrich the own European identity. However, the receiver of the senders message won’t always get the expected response the producer was expecting. The family unit consists of six family members, Peter and Lois being the parents; Meg, Chris and Stewie being the children; and the family dog, Brian. This paper. Between 2014 and 2017, the artistic research project "Transcoding: From 'Highbrow Art' to Participatory Culture" encouraged creative participation in multimedia art via social media. As previously mentioned, she also dresses considerably provocatively at times, as she shows her cleavage, and wears tight, high wasted clothing, which makes her stand out in Wazoo. A Detournement of Joe Clark’s Problematic “Motto” of Personal Agency in Lean on Me 39 James Trier New material by Stuart Hall is particularly welcome, and will be much appreciated given his key role in the development of post-colonial as well as cultural studies. This entry discusses an extract from the book Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Stuart Hall Representation 1. In American pop culture “to represent” means to carry the name of a certain area or group. This will reveal a signification system that works at transcoding domestic labor into female pleasure, rendering domestic labor invisible. Discussion Paper. For example, in the picture you see on the left, Peter is harboring a terrorist with a bomb inside of a black truck and is stopped by a police officer at a toll booth, who only uses a shade of skin colors chart to identify a threat. One night at their hotel, Vinny begins to argue with Lisa about why the hotel room faucet was leaking. According to media scholar, Jennifer Fuller, the many characteristics of normative whiteness, include qualities such as being professional, educated, suburban, middle-class, objective, Christian, non-confrontational or diplomatic, and average (Fuller, 2012). For commercial use of the sound effects, select the download with commercial license. Thus, moments like these in the film are examples of how Southerners are marginalized and stereotyped as ignorant, unsophisticated, and uncultured. Hall is very closely identified in media studies with an approach known as “cultural studies,” and he … You fuckin’ up this case or what?” Vinny responds by saying, “I don’t need you to point it out to me,” “you’re my fiancé you’re supposed to stand by your man, you know encourage me a little bit.” She responds rebelliously through sarcasm by saying, “the way you handled that Judge, ohh you’re a smooth talker.” He finally tells her, in his confrontational way – “shut it!” Nevertheless, in addition to her outspoken personality, Lisa also has an intricate knowledge of automobiles, a craft traditionally associated with men. Faith, honor, leadership and scholarship are the foundations upon which we build futur Whiteness. It aims to be international in its readership, authorship, and content. Throughout the movie, Lisa often wears stilettos and tight outfits that show a significant amount of her cleavage. Stuart Hall School offers a Catholic, independent, all-boy education in a traditional, elementary school configuration (PK3-7th). Angela McRobbie Professor of Communications, Goldsmiths, University of London . Thus, his character succeeded at fulfilling the American dream, as he worked hard to reach his goal and produced results beyond given expectations. Men only praise women who are “Saints,” or in other words, women who abide by the Cultural Analysis I. Lecture conducted from The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR. articulation’, ‘transcoding’ or ‘transculturation’) Stuart Hall has put fo rward al- most two decades ago, the essay, firstly , turns to the notion of ‘linguistic transla- Even though Vinny tells her that she cannot help, she reads the law book, and takes pictures of the crime scene for him, which ends up proving Stan and Bill’s innocence. With KINSHIP MASKS, photographs by Dayna Danger. The correct audio for the biome does play when i'm just above a very large body of water though. Hall, the meaning of the text is located between its producer and the reader. Thus, from the generic definition in Oxford Dictionary, and from Stuart Halls view, it could be explained that Transcoding as a … My Cousin Vinny [Motion Picture]. Following the methodologies of sociologist Ann Oakley, as well as the discourse of representation presented by Stuart Hall, I will examine an Eastham E-line advertisement. This is simply a magnificent collection of chapters, laced together under the guiding light of Stuart Hall's outstanding scholarship. The film also engages in othering the Southerners, or town locals of Wazoo, Alabama, as they are stereotyped as yokels, whom possess characteristics which portray them as an abnormal group of people who disrupt the hegemonic identity of normative American whiteness. Good Housekeeping, 1971. order to uncover Blaxploitation’s revolutionary sexuality, I also engage Stuart Hall’s concept of . Cultural Analysis II. Stuart Hall’s encoding and decoding model is of great importance to today’s media because we as viewers must be critical of analyzing media. He can be viewed as a token, because his character is very unlikely to succeed in his court case in the beginning, but in the end, he pulls through and ends up not only winning the court case, but also earning the respect of Judge Haller who doubted him throughout the entire trial period. Encoding/Decoding as Propounded by Stuart Hall Hall, in his essay criticized the traditional model of communication for its linearity- sender/message/receiver and for its concentration on the level of message exchange, absence of structured conception of the different moments as a … He works very hard to overcome the fact that it is his first case and his time to investigate it is limited. Stuart Hall and Cultural Studies: Decoding Cultural Oppression Represent! For instance, in the beginning Vinny lacks experience working in a courtroom, thus he behaves in the courtroom with “a great deal of informality,” according to Judge Haller. As this integrationist strategy leads Vinny to earn the respect and trust from his peers, his character can also be seen as a token of the American dream, another ideology that is present in the film. of wyves,/But-if it be of holy seintes lyves,/Ne of noon other womman never the mo” (687-691). Cricket the Pug, Full Moon Cineplex, The vault of retro sci-fi 2. 2. Lecture conducted from The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR. Many media texts have represented Italian-Americans in this way; these stereotypes grew considerably, beginning from early classic films in American cinema like The Godfather, a story of Italian-American mafia families in New York. Aside from the notion of portraying Italian-Americans as white ethnics, the film also tends to exaggerate the portrayal of the Southerners living in Wazoo. The show is intended to create comic material, where the viewer can exercise the producers intended response of laughter, but because of jokes where they offend peoples religious beliefs they will have a totally different response such as an oppositional response. I argue that the remaking of the Moro image by Muslims themselves challenges colonial misrepresentations; it constitutes a redefinition of ethnic Muslim identity and it appeals to a sense of unity of ethnic Philippine Muslims. Stuart Hall School for Boys is place "Where Good Boys Become Great Men." Stuart Hall’s project-based, place-based learning has allowed me to explore different ways of teaching. And the audience, viewers of the media that is produced are known as the decoders. When I say that these films transcode stereotypes, I rely on Stuart Hall’s conception of the term, which he briefly uses . All these images betray what Stuart Hall calls the _____: meaning that these representations are _____, have both positive and negative characteristics that exemplify how Western _____ its others (non-Western people). The text is then decoded by the audience. According to Hall, an integrationist strategy occurs when a marginalized individual attempts to reverse his or her stereotype, and is portrayed as equal or better than the hegemonic group (Hall, 1997, p. 270). Throughout the film, the lead protagonists’ Lisa and Vinny are marginalized because of their Italian-American identity, as they are stereotyped with possessing characteristics that resemble Italian-Americans whom are involved with the mafia. Nevertheless, the two boys are in need of a lawyer to defend them, so due to limited resources they hire Bill’s cousin, Vinny, an inexperienced lawyer who earned his law degree after his sixth attempt at passing the statewide bar exam. Throughout the film, they portray certain social dimensions (cultural customs) and sport common artifacts (physical symbols) that represent stereotypical Italian-American mobster culture (Chan, 2013). Hall is very closely identified in media studies with an approach known as “cultural studies,” and he starts with one of its central concepts: representation. Of course languages, literature, Furthermore, anytime Vinny argues with her, she is never hesitant to defend herself and curse back. Once Vinny begins to focus on the case, he stays up late nights working on finding evidence to prove the boys’ innocence, as well as reading the guidebook of courtroom procedure that Judge Haller assigned him. In this type of response, the audience or receiver fully accepts and reproduces the code to the producer or sender. A short summary of this paper. The school is organized into four academic divisions, including Stuart Hall for Boys, Convent Elementary, Convent High School and Stuart Hall High School. Sweetback . By completing we avail forms of foreign cultures, which are taken for different reasons as adequate expression of personal arrangements. Decoding the Stereotypical and Racist Scenes from the Animated TV Sitcom “Family Guy”. Margery and Wife of Bath contest the meaning of something from within it, taking the original interpretive strategy and challenging it from within itself. It does not imply one original text of which the “translation” is but a mere copy. What’s up everybody on today’s show we are going to take a journey through hip-hop’s Explicit Content… the raw nitty gritty music that no one else wants to play because it’s so raunchy…. (Director). What we watch, read, or listen must be analyzed carefully because the producers encoded message may seem harmless and rather in your favor of personal beliefs, but if you don’t effectively decode the message sent from the producer, you as a viewer may be at risk of being negatively influenced by the producers ideology. This brief chapter problematizes the hegemonic position of the English language in Cultural Studies, which, in the author’s view, can be understood as a moment that stands against a true internationalisation of the project. As mentioned previously, Vinny and Lisa are both Italian-American New Yorkers who are constructed with common mob-like stereotypes associated with Italian-Americans. In the process of encoding a message, the sender may use either verbal (words, signs, images) or non-verbal (body language, facial expressions) symbols to help the receiver better comprehend the message that is given. draws on Stuart Hall’s notion of transcoding, where a person may reinterpret a (negative) representation and give it a new, more empowering meaning. double vision of the white eye ambivalent viewed/constructed . However, this change in behavior does not occur overnight. Hall, S. (1997) Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. Vinny engages in this integrationist strategy because he goes above and beyond in order to seem equal to the others. This brings me to discuss cultural theorist and political activist, Stuart Hall’s theory of communication through media, which he emphasizes his encoding and decoding model in media. Author Notification 18 December 2020. However, as the case progresses, Vinny’s courtroom manner changes, he begins wearing formal suits, clearly articulating his thoughts, and follows the courtroom procedure according to the state of Alabama. This response completely disagrees with the producers message and depending on the receivers social position, they would reject the producers ideology. Soon after they leave the store, someone murders the store clerk. According to Stuart Halls encoding and decoding model, both the producer and the audience have very specific roles within this model. According to Stuart Hall, in Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Process, transcoding is the process of “taking an existing meaning and re-appropriating it for new meanings” (Hall, 1997, p. 270). Many of the townspeople are cast as southern yokels, a common stereotype of rural southern whites whom are depicted as uneducated and uncultured (Fuller, 2012). In order to uncover Blaxploitation’s revolutionary sexuality, I also engage Stuart Hall’s concept of transcoding, Linda Williams’s scholarship on interracial lust, and Eric Lott’s work on blackface minstrelsy to explore how Blaxploitation artists create counter-hegemonic semiotics for mainstream audiences. The essay argues that the Theory of Film can be better understood as a transcoding of Kant's philosophy of the aesthetic in the third Critique into the film camera itself, although the Marxian framework of the Weimar period is now considerably attenuated. The Ongoing Political and Racial Fire Continues. Thus, since Pesci and Tomei are both Italian-Americans whom also happen to be from the New York City area (like their characters, Vinny and Lisa) they can be seen as subjects of hailing. Meanwhile, in many scenes Vinny often wears his black leather jacket and black leather boots. Stuart Hall, film studies and the cinema Stuart Hall, os estudos fílmicos e o cinema ANGELA PRYSTHON* Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Graduate Program in Communication. Mack, R., & Ott, B. Based on the artworks that emerged from the project, Barbara L? If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below She took initiative on her own to use her resources in order to ultimately solve the case in their favor. Dari pengertian generik via kamus Oxford dan dari pandangan Stuart Hall dapat dijelaskan, bahwa Transcoding sebagai tema kuratorial pada pameran ini dimaknai sebagai praktik atau tindakan membuat makna According to Brian L. Ott and Robert L. Mack in Critical Media Studies An Introduction, hailing takes place when “individuals recognize and respond to an ideology and allow it to represent them” (Ott, Mack, 2010, p. 129). Shaft. In other words, he started from the bottom, having no experience in practicing law, no prolonged time spent in a southern, rural culture, and he successfully integrated into Wazoo society, won the court case, and became the town sensation. Download PDF. In the film, Vinny’s character engages in a transcoding strategy in order to overcome his negative Italian-American stereotype. Even though aspects of Vinny and Lisa’s characters’ are marginalized because of their Italian-American identity, they are still shown as civilized and modern compared to the town locals. In fact, there are three ways a receiver can decode a message such as dominated, negotiated and oppositional. Since peter is a white male, everything is supposedly fine, but if a colored male was driving the black van he would automatically be searched and possibly arrested. Stuart Hall is Professor of Sociology at the Open University in England and, for the last thirty years, has been at the forefront of work concerning the media’s role in society. Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal that publishes interdisciplinary cultural research. 326-328: TITLE XXV: AVIATION: Ch. For example, the second time that she bails out Vinny from jail because he fails to show courtroom manner, she assertively addresses him about it – “What the fuck is going on here Vinny? Journal of African American History, 2020. YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... MCAT | Mometrix Comprehensive Guide. This element of the text is progressive, because it is Lisa, the strong, independent female, who ends up gathering the evidence to prove that Bill and Stan are innocent. Chan, M. (2013 March). baru” (Hall, 1997, p. 270) dalam bukunya Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Process. Like Akomfrah’s recent filmic tributes to Stuart Hall (The Unfinished Conversation and The Stuart Hall Project, both 2013), these works display a keen, empathic interest in the interplay between the structural, macroscopic shifts that fuel migrations and the disparate ways that people register these changes through feeling, thought, art, and resistance. Following this rationale, Breaking Bad works well, in demon- strating Stuart Hall’s theory of encoding/decoding. As Vinny and Lisa barge into the bar, they are framed in a medium close up shot from a low angle, which gives them power. Vinny uses the integrationist strategy, to overcome his stereotype of a do-good-nothing, violent, Italian mobster. Is but a mere copy its application in Cultural and media Studies Hong,... May be beneficial this change in behavior does not imply one original text of which the “ translation ” but... Is his first case and his time to investigate it is his first case and his time to investigate is... 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