The following are illustrative examples of hegemony. Only its leaders can do that by throwing away our primacy. See more. their rights. To the west it faces a series of weak and failing states, but that may be more of a burden than a blessing: China’s own western regions are also sites of persistent instability. It is easy to associate hegemony synonymously with domination but it is more nuanced. scrs-csis.gc.ca. scrs-csis.gc.ca. U.S. hegemony is now as firm as or firmer than it has ever been, and will remain so for a long time to come. American Hegemony Is Ending With a Whimper, Not a Bang Donald Trump’s isolationist policies have damaged America’s global standing in ways that may prove difficult to reverse. Financially, there is every reason to think that America’s century lies in the future, not in the past. This is not to argue that the U.S. government should ramp up taxes and spending, but it does illustrate the fact that it has enormous potential fiscal resources available to it, should it choose to use them. Yet, American hegemony is far from global, with major powers such as Russia and China resisting US leadership. In any future conflict, the advantage given by this experience would likely outweigh any decline in effectiveness due to deferred maintenance and training. But American hegemony has relied upon and underpins a host of alliance relationships with their own particular purposes and requirements. from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition. Short-term fluctuations should not be extrapolated into long-term trends. But policy analysts tend to have short memories. When the Soviet Union finally disintegrated in 1991, American hegemony was complete. It is this reality of unequal growth—which has nourished China’s expanding influence and military capabilities—that lies at the root of the evolving rivalry. This piece was originally published by the National Bureau of Asian Research. The Marshall Plan is merely one of many examples. After almost two decades of conflicted hesitancy, the United States finally acknowledged that it is involved in a long-term strategic competition with China. (especially of countries) the position of being the strongest and most powerful and therefore…. American Hegemony: How to Use It, How to Lose It William Odom Introduction America’s global hegemony is generally accepted as a fact. Only its duration is in question. There is a reason for this and it is White Hegemony. American hegemony is now as firm as or firmer than it has ever been, and will remain so for a long time to come. By using this website, you agree to our cookie policy. Listen to the audio pronunciation in the Cambridge English Dictionary. Athens had the greatest fleet in the Mediterranean; it was the home of Socrates and Plato, Sophocles and Aeschylus; it crowned its central Acropolis with the solid-marble temple to Athena known to history as the Parthenon. On the one hand, thirteen years of continuous warfare have reduced the readiness of many U.S. combat units, particularly in the army. America’s limited wars in Afghanistan and Iraq were hardly the final throes of a passing hegemon. (especially of countries) the position of being the strongest and most powerful and therefore…. Its client states overseas were at best partners of convenience, and at worst expensive drains on its limited resources. Definition of hegemony 1 : preponderant influence or authority over others : domination battled for hegemony in Asia 2 : the social, cultural, ideological, or economic influence exerted by a dominant group China’s very ascendancy—if sustained—could over time threaten the U.S. hegemony that has been in place since the end of World War II. Washington seems to be paralyzed by perpetual gridlock. Twenty-second-century Russia may find it difficult to hold the Far East against China. First, it remains the largest economy in real terms, a foundation that underwrites its capacity to project … Much depends on the future of China’s relationships with its neighbors. Hegemonic masculinity is defined as a practice that legitimizes men's dominant position in society and justifies the subordination of the common male population and women, and other marginalized ways of being a man. For many commentators, especially realists, this remains a useful working definition. The U.S. economy imports half a trillion dollars a year more than it exports. It is usually achieved through social institutions, which allow those in power to strongly influence the values, norms, ideas, expectations, worldview, and behavior of the rest of society. Britain’s public-debt-to-GDP ratio was over 250 percent, and early nineteenth-century governments lacked access to the full range of fiscal and financial tools that are available today. En savoir plus. scrs-csis.gc.ca. "British and American Hegemony Compared: Lessons for the Current Era of Decline" is an essay written by David A. Although the term sometimes has unsettling connotations, the United States is a genuine hegemon, understood in the original Greek sense as a leader in the competitive international system. This hegemony derives from the fact that the United States is the world’s single most powerful state. posted by John Spacey, August 15, 2019. When the United Kingdom finally defeated Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815, its national resources were completely exhausted. American Hegemony Is Here to Stay. Although the term sometimes has unsettling connotations, the United States is a genuine hegemon, understood in the original Greek sense as a leader in the competitive international system. The United States is not headed for the skids and there is no reason it should be. If sheer economic size is the foundation of political and military power, China is positioned for future global hegemony. ‘Corporate media hegemony’ refers to the global dominance and influence of powerful commercial mass media organizations and a transnational elite. White Hegemony is a carefully calibrated, deliberately contrived system which continues to prevent persons of color from attaining and asserting influence that is at least commensurate with the percentage of the African American population in the United States. Will it end next year, within several years, or will it last for many decades hence? This hegemony derives from the fact that the United States is the world’s single most powerful state. And it is unlikely that the eclipse is nigh. Hegemony is the dominant influence of an civilization, society, nation or elite over others. Cultural hegemony is a concept put forth by the Italian, Marxist philosopher, Antonio Gramsci. American culture has an influence on the values of many nations through music. "The question of American decline has overwhelmingly focused on US-China dynamics. And, third, in partnership with strong allies in North America, Western Europe, East Asia, and Oceania, who share both values and interests, the United States has created an international order that buttresses its primacy materially, institutionally, and ideationally, thereby allowing it to advance diverse interests while economizing on its use of force. America’s only global rival in the twentieth century was the Soviet Union. Stabilizing Northeast Asia during and after the Korean War is another. europarl.europa.eu . It is perhaps realistic to imagine China seeking to expand to the north at the expense of Russia and Mongolia. Ultimately, it is inevitable that in the long run American power will weaken and American hegemony over the rest of the world will fade. Washington, DC 20036-2103. © Copyright 2021 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. Rather, it involves a struggle for dominance in the international system, even if China as the rising power disavows any such ambition. “Hegemony” is a word used by social scientists to describe leadership within a system of competing states. In fact, Britain engaged in costly and sometimes disastrous conflicts throughout the century-long Pax Britannica. Even then, Britain ultimately prevailed (with American help). Hegemony is the political, economic, or military predominance or control of one state over others. europarl.europa.eu. Learn more. The definition of hegemony is leadership or dominance of one group over another. IS RETREAT from global hegemony in America’s national interest? By definition, the allied contribution to these efforts could never match that of the United States because the latter was the hegemonic power and its benefaction was essentially what sustained its relative superiority over other partners and adversaries alike. Will it build on this foundation? America’s costly wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were relatively minor affairs considered in long-term perspective. On the other hand, U.S. troops are now far more experienced in actual combat than the forces of any other major military in the world. Athens had a powerful rival in Sparta, but no one doubted that Athens was the hegemon of the time until Sparta defeated it in a bitter twenty-seven-year war. Definition of hegemony noun in Oxford Advanced American Dictionary. Now, America’s internal politics have deadlocked and the U.S. government shrinks from playing the role of global policeman. This rivalry, almost by definition, is not merely a wrangle between two major states. Second, it possesses a sufficiently effective state that presides over a remarkably productive society. America’s fiscal capacity in 2015 is stupendously greater than Great Britain’s was in 1815. Definitions and concepts of hegemony Definition of hegemony Hegemony to the domain of one entity above others of the same type is called. info)) or / ˈ h ɛ dʒ ə ˌ m oʊ n i /) is the political, economic, or military … One widely held definition … “Hegemony” is a word used by social scientists to describe leadership within a system of competing states. Did You Know? You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. Although these foundations have been stressed in recent times, the Covid-19 pandemic now threatens them in deadly ways. Hegemony supports the status quo and … American English – /həˈdʒɛməni/ British English – /ˈhɛɡᵻməni/ Usage Notes. How to say hegemony. It faces major middle-tier powers on three sides: Russia to the north, South Korea and Japan to the east, and Vietnam and India to the south. If anything, increasing Sino-Russian tensions may reinforce U.S. global hegemony, much as Sino-Soviet tensions did in the 1970s. The United States emerged from that war as the dominant economic, political and technological power. How to pronounce hegemony. The only major combatant to avoid serious damage to its infrastructure, its housing stock or its demographic profile, the United States ended the war with the greatest naval order of battle ever seen in the history of the world. The United States experienced a decade of booming technological innovation and unexpectedly high economic growth. The Pax Britannica and the elevation of Queen Victoria to become empress of India were just around the corner. ‘Corporate media hegemony’ refers to the global dominance and … Put aside all the alarmist punditry. There are few factual indications that American decline has begun—or that it will begin anytime soon. . Its empire reached its maximum extent not before World War I but immediately after, in 1922. The word “hegemony” is of Greek origin and originally referred to the dominant or preponderant position of one state over others in the international system. White Hegemony is a carefully calibrated, deliberately contrived system which continues to prevent persons of color from attaining and asserting influence that is at least commensurate with the percentage of the African American population in the United States. Among the American population, poverty rates are high and ordinary workers’ wages have been stagnant (in real terms) for decades. The truth is that America can and should seek to remain the world’s top dog. Constant deployment may place an unpleasant and unfair burden on U.S. service personnel and their families, but it does not necessarily diminish the capability of the U.S. military. ‘Western media hegemony’ refers to a perception that global news media are dominated by Eurocentric values and perspectives (see also media imperialism). scrs-csis.gc.ca. Hegemonic power works by consent, not coercion caused by force or violence; thus it is not questioned. Cultural hegemony refers to domination or rule maintained through ideological or cultural means. by Salvatore Babones. from The Century Dictionary. An example of hegemony is the student government leadership in a school. Or so the story goes. hegemony définition, signification, ce qu'est hegemony: 1. Then, at the very moment the military needed to regroup, rebuild and rearm, its budget was hit by sequestration. Without a doubt, 1991 was a moment of supreme U.S. superiority. In stark terms, this … According to Brooks and Wohlforth, American hegemony is beneficial to both the United States and the world primarily because it greatly reduces security competition by rendering the balance of power inoperable and continues to confer significant benefits to the United States. europarl.europa.eu. Carnegie does not take institutional positions on public policy issues; the views represented herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Carnegie, its staff, or its trustees. America was, in every sense of the word, a hegemon. Hegemony is a situation in which one country, organization, or group has more power, control, or importance than others. See also consciousness industry; hegemony; manufacture of consent. If you enjoyed reading this, subscribe for more! American empire or degrade American hegemony. The idea of American hegemony is as old as Benjamin Franklin, but has its practical roots in World War II. China’s very ascendancy—if sustained—could over time threaten the U.S. hegemony that has been in place since the end of World War II. This “unipolar moment” lasted a mere decade. On top of all this, strategic exhaustion after two costly wars in Afghanistan and Iraq has substantially degraded U.S. military capabilities. ‘Yet, while imperialism has generally withered, other forms of domination or hegemony have arisen.’. As a people who represent the continuing struggle for American freedom, the case of the Black Indians of the Five Civilized Tribes demonstrates how hegemony introduced the hypodescent rule or “one drop of blood” rule by the United States, laid the foundation for systemic effects of the racial hierarchy within the tribes. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more. American culture has an influence on the values of many nations through music. But how long is the long run? Learn more. Leadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others. The concept implies the dominance of a custom-made culture that meets the needs of the majority but serves the interests of the dominant social class. First, it remains the largest economy in real terms, a foundation that underwrites its capacity to project military power globally in ways unmatched by any peers. How to Use American Hegemony For most of the Cold War, American leaders used our hegemony with remarkable effectiveness. Brutal wars like these repeatedly punctured, but never burst, British hegemony. Rather, it involves a struggle for dominance in the international system, even if China as the rising power disavows any such ambition. But that is not a serious threat to U.S. hegemony. Until recently, our understanding of the history and development of American power/hegemony was based on a conceptual definition that excluded empires because the US was constructed as being so exceptional that it was impossible to compare it with other empires. In accordance with the theory or hegemonic stability, international economic liberalization burgeoned around the globe in association with the ascendance of Great Britain as the economic … It had the bomb and an impressive space program, but little else. We have American hegemony. WHEN PUNDITS scope out the imminent threats to U.S. hegemony, the one country on their radar screens is China. 1779 Massachusetts Avenue NW Deficits come and go. But so was 1946, after which came the Soviet bomb, Korea and Vietnam. And, of course, the United States had the bomb. The same is true of the supposed exhaustion of the U.S. military. The Greek historian Thucydides used the term to characterize the position of Athens in the Greek world in the middle of the fifth century BC. But this time really is different. For Brooks and Wohlforth, it is of vital importance that the United States continues to pursue a grand strategy of primacy or “deep … Mearsheimer’s definition of liberal hegemony—which could serve for all of the authors—is “an ambitious strategy in which a state aims to turn as many countries as possible into liberal democracies like itself while also promoting an open international … europarl.europa.eu. Personne n'a remis en question la suprématie des États-Unis depuis la fin de la guerre froide. If economic power forms the long-term foundation for political and military power, it would seem that America is in terminal decline. American hegemony has waxed and waned over the last seventy years, but it has never been eclipsed. The United States sat at the top of the international system, facing no serious rivals for global leadership. September 11, 2001, signaled the emergence of a new kind of threat to global stability, and the ensuing rise of China and reemergence of Russia put paid to the era of unchallenged American leadership. Definitions Related words. How to use hegemony in a sentence. The definition of imperialism, conversely, can be said to rest on policies in addition to capabilities and influence (Ikenberry 2002). Can it? China’s Improvised Mask Diplomacy in Chile, Carnegie–Tsinghua Young Ambassadors Program. Why Can’t Europe Cope With the Coronavirus? Check your email for details on your request. They are more akin to Britain’s bloody but relatively inconsequential conflicts in Afghanistan and Crimea in the middle of the nineteenth century. It can be applied to various situations with the same meaning: a bloc of Nations can have hegemony thanks to its greatest potential economic, military or political, and exercises that hegemony over other populations, although these do not want it. noun The predominance of one state or social group over others. In fact, reports of the passing of U.S. hegemony are greatly exaggerated. In gender studies, hegemonic masculinity is part of R. W. Connell's gender order theory, which recognizes multiple masculinities that vary across time, culture and the individual. Plural: hegemonies; A dominate leader is referred to as a hegemon. . British hegemony did not come to an end until the country faced Germany head-on in World War I. Hegemony definition is - preponderant influence or authority over others : domination. Those with even a limited historical memory may remember the day in January 2001 when the then chairman of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, testified to the Senate Budget Committee that “if current policies remain in place, the total unified surplus will reach $800 billion in fiscal year 2011. . The result was what many hailed as a “unipolar moment” of American hegemony. The term is mostly used to describe a nation that is able to greatly influence or control other nations. In the second decade of the twenty-first century, American hegemony is widely perceived to be in terminal decline. Hegemony definition, leadership or predominant influence exercised by one nation over others, as in a confederation. More widely over the last seventy years, or importance than others deadly ways no serious rivals global! Synonymously with domination but it is perhaps realistic to imagine China seeking to expand to the pronunciation. 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Lies in the Cambridge English Dictionary were completely exhausted a confederation commercial mass media, that! Serious rivals for global policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie 's global centers Usage Notes, and! Or rule maintained through ideological or cultural means has also been exaggerated involved a! It should be lies in the international system, facing no serious rivals for leadership...
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